Control Statement

Control statements control the flow of execution of a program. This statements help to make decisions, repeat tasks or jump to specific part of code.

C Suppots This Types Of Statements

if Statement

Conditional statement to execute a block of code if a condition is true.

if.c

if (condition) {
// code
}

---

if-else if Statement in C

It allows us to execute a block of code among multiple conditions. It evaluates conditions in sequence and executes the code block associated with the first true condition.

ifelseif.c

if (number > 0) {
    // block1
} else if (number < 0) {
    // block2
} else {
    // default block
}

if-else Statement

Extends if statement to execute one block if condition is true and another if false.

ifelse.c

if (condition) {
// true block
} else {
// false block
}

---

Switch Statement

Allows multi-way branching.

switch.c

switch(expression) {
case value1:
    // code
    break;
case value2:
    // code
    break;
default:
    // code
}

Code Example

ex.c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int number = 0;

    if (number > 0) {
        printf("The number is positive.\n");
    } else if (number < 0) {
        printf("The number is negative.\n");
    } else {
        printf("The number is zero.\n");
    }

    int choice = 2;

    switch (choice) {
        case 1:
            printf("You selected option 1.\n");
            break;
        case 2:
            printf("You selected option 2.\n");
            break;
        case 3:
            printf("You selected option 3.\n");
            break;
        default:
            printf("Invalid option.\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

Output

The number is zero.
You selected option 2.