Recursion

Recursion

Recursion is a programming technique where a function calls itself to solve a smaller version of its problem until it reaches a base case which is a condition that stops the recursion. A classic example is calculating a factorial, where n! = n * (n-1)!.

def factorial(n):
  if n == 0 or n == 1:
    return 1  # Base Case
  else:
    return n * factorial(n - 1)  # Recursive Call

print(factorial(5))  # Output: 120